[wgpu-hal]: MVP no_std support

[bushrat011899]

Connections

• Contributes to Support no_std where possible (specifically for wasm32v1-none) #6826
• Depends on [naga]: Add no_std polyfill for round_ties_even for f32 and f64 #7585

Description

• Disable default features from wgpu-types when used as a workspace dependency, and then re-enable in affected crates.
• Add wgpu-hal to the no_std CI task.
• Feature gate usage of parking_lot in wgpu-hal to only the features that actually use it.
• Add new feature to wgpu-hal, validation_canary, which controls the compilation of the VALIDATION_CANARY static, and only enable it in wgpu-tests. This was the only unconditional use of parking_lot in wgpu-hal, and since it's an internal debugging feature, I believe it makes sense to feature-gate it as such.

Testing

• CI

Squash or Rebase?

Squash

Checklist

• Run cargo fmt.
• Run taplo format.
• Run cargo clippy --tests. If applicable, add:
  • --target wasm32-unknown-unknown
• Run cargo xtask test to run tests.
• If this contains user-facing changes, add a CHANGELOG.md entry.

[bushrat011899]

CI / Clippy WASM Core 1.0 is an expected failure while #7585 is not merged.